On 22 October 1947, Dr J. Piec, an Investigative Judge at the District Court in Tarnów, with the participation of a reporter, A. Kucharczyk, interviewed the person mentioned hereunder as a witness, without taking an oath. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false declarations and of the provisions of Article 107 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the witness testified as follows:
Name and surname | Dr Roman Szuszkiewicz |
Age | 40 years old |
Parents’ names | Franciszek and Pelagia |
Place of residence | Tarnów, Katedralna Street 5 |
Occupation | doctor |
Religion | Roman Catholic |
Criminal record | none |
From amongst the listed former members of the garrison of the former concentration camp, I knew the following well: Hans Aumeier, Max Grabner, and Karl Tauber.
Hans Aumeier was the Lagerführer [camp leader]. I first encountered him directly in 1942, when I was convalescing after a severe bout of typhus fever and was summoned thereby to submit a report, this due to the intrigues of German kapos, who alleged that I did not admit them to the clinic and failed to provide them with treatment, and that I had a completely different approach to Poles, whom I purportedly favored, whereas such behavior was then considered as a crime. As soon as I appeared before the Arbeitsdienstführer [labor coordinator], whose surname I do not remember, the said man, nicknamed "the Gorilla" by the prisoners, without giving any explanation, struck me more than six times in the face, so that I was barely able to stand on my feet. He then ordered me to face the wall and wait for the Lagerführer. After two hours of waiting – which was difficult to endure, because I knew what fate lay in store for me – I was summoned by Aumeier to his office. Immediately after I entered, he started hitting me in the face and chest with his fists. He is a very short man, and his voice does indeed, as the prisoners said, resemble that of "a croaking frog". When he got tired, and I was barely able to stand, he [took a brief rest and] resumed the beating, calling me a Polish swine in between questions. He threatened that because I had disobeyed his order, he would have me both shot and hanged, and kept on hitting me in between questions. Since I did not know German too well and was afraid of saying something untoward, I requested an interpreter. At the time, this post was held by a Silesian – he was a friend of mine and had defended quite a few Poles. But I do not remember his surname. The interpreter used his language skills in such a way that I was not punished any further, although my human dignity had been severely dented. Aumeier was the terror of the camp and an unbridled sadist. He not only signed death sentences, but also carried them out, together with Palitzsch. That was what people said in the camp. Even during work he would beat and otherwise torment the prisoners with whatever fell to hand. He was one of the main contributors to the mass murders – not only by issuing the appropriate orders and giving "special" instructions to his subordinates, but also by acting as executioner, which he did frequently. He stated that in the conditions which he had fostered, a prisoner could not live longer than three months.
Max Grabner was very similar to Aumeier, and indeed the two worked together. Every day he would select prisoners for shooting executions, although I do not know on whose authority. We were all terrified of him. Whosoever he summoned to the Political Department would not return to the living. He had his own interrogation techniques – you could not see them, but you would hear the effects a mile away. It was a mix of voices: female, male, and even those of children. I do not remember whether I encountered him personally. All the prisoners did everything they could to steer clear of him. He is one of the immediate and main perpetrators guilty of the murder of hundreds of thousands of prisoners in Auschwitz.
Karl Tauber, a dental surgeon, was my immediate superior, for I was the chief doctor at the dental clinic for prisoners. I myself was not maltreated by him. Being a doctor, however, he could have allowed himself to be guided by the principles of international medical ethics and help alleviate the prisoners’ extraordinarily difficult situation; most unfortunately, he did not do so.
The document was signed after being read out.