MARIA NOWAKOWSKA

On 31 May 1947 in Zwoleń, the District Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes with its seat in Radom, this in the person of its member, Deputy Prosecutor J. Skarżyński, acting pursuant to Article 20 of the provisions introducing the Code of Criminal Procedure, interviewed the person mentioned hereunder as a witness, without taking an oath. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false declarations, the witness testified as follows:


Name and surname Maria Mieczysława Nowakowska, née Grzybowska
Age 32 years old
Parents’ names Anna and Marceli
Place of residence Zwoleń, Kozienicka Street (no house number)
Occupation laborer
Religion Roman Catholic
Criminal record none

In the night of 15 January 1944, the Germans organized arrests of a political nature in Zwoleń and the vicinity. Among others, they detained my husband, Mieczysław, who at the time had a haberdasher’s shop in Zwoleń. My husband was detained while in his establishment. He was alone at the time, for I had just gone home for a moment. The shop was completely looted. I was later told that the place was ransacked by the very same Germans who arrested my husband.

I returned in the evening of the same day. I was informed that my husband and the other arrestees were being held in the building of the local Agricultural School. I ran there, however the Germans didn’t let me – or any of the women for that matter – pass. They set dogs on us and drove us back. I spent the whole day before the school. On the evening of 15 January 1944, I saw a few SS trucks (painted black) leave in the direction of Leokadiów. My husband was in one of the vehicles, for I saw him while he was entering the truck in the school courtyard. The next day I learned that all of those taken to Leokadiów had been executed there and buried on the spot.

I don’t know whether my husband was a member of an organization fighting for Poland’s independence. In any case, I am aware that this mass shooting was a retaliatory measure for an assault against some Germans in Leokadiów. I was informed that more than 40 people were executed in Leokadiów at the time, and their bodies were burned a few days later.

I now have to provide for our son, who is presently 7 years old. A month after the killing, I was officially notified that my husband had been executed by firing squad in Leokadiów. The source of the information was a German gendarme, who came to my flat with a Polish policeman and read out the sentence. I don’t receive any benefits. I haven’t recovered my husband’s body. In 1945, the ashes of the murdered victims were brought back to Zwoleń.